Final Resource Library • WASH • Hydrology • Governance • Digital Capture

Water Sovereignty Atlas — A Practical, Sequenced Library

Atomic resources only: manuals, toolkits, compendia, datasets, and open tools that transfer capability. Links appear inline at the moment they become relevant (no “link dump” appendix).

Scope: drinking water • sanitation/FSM • hygiene • emergencies • hydrology • justice • digital control Format: sequenced tracks + resource cards Offline posture: printable + mirror-friendly

How to Use This Atlas

The atlas is structured as a set of tracks. Each track is a path of capability-building. A node can run one track or multiple tracks at once.

Track Logic

  • H → C: stabilize drinking water at point-of-use, then move upstream to sources and small networks.
  • C → U: when density rises, “sanitation” becomes chains + sludge + transport + treatment, not toilets.
  • I: schools and clinics become high-leverage nodes: routine, norms, outbreak resilience.
  • B: basin literacy prevents false certainty: supply variability, drought/flood regimes, contamination patterns.
  • Justice/Digital: governance and data layers decide who controls shutoff, rationing, surveillance, and pricing.

Reading Sequence (Deployment Order)

  • Start: Section 1 (HWTS + storage + rainwater) → immediate risk reduction.
  • Next: Section 2 (springs/wells/pumps/gravity) → durable autonomy at community scale.
  • Then: Section 3 (FSM + natural treatment + reuse + contaminants) → dense settlement realism.
  • Always-on: Section 4 & 5 (hygiene + emergencies + standards) → outbreak and crisis coherence.
  • Optional depth: Section 6 (hydrology tools) → quantify resource constraints and extremes.
  • Control layer: Section 7 (commons + digital water) → resist capture by privatization or smart control.
Inline links policy: Every resource card contains direct links where it appears. If a card has multiple “core artifacts” (manual + handbook + toolkit), it carries multiple links in the same place.

Quick Resource Index (1–60)

Jump to any resource card by number.

1) Household & Micro-Scale Drinking Water

This section stabilizes drinking-water safety at the point-of-use and at the container. It focuses on multi-barrier thinking: source protection + collection + treatment + storage + handling.

Minimum posture: Any treatment method can be erased by unsafe storage and handling. The resources here intentionally treat storage and behavior as infrastructure.

01CAWST — Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Factsheets Compilation (2011)

HC Dep L–M

What it is: A modular set of illustrated one-page briefs covering HWTS options (chlorine, filtration, SODIS, safe storage, source protection) and implementation notes.

Why it’s here: Built for replication: printable, teachable, and easy to translate/adapt into local training packs.

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02CAWST — Introduction to Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (Participant Manual)

HC Dep M

What it is: Full training manual with lessons, activities, selection logic, and behavior components for running HWTS programs.

Why it’s here: It produces trainers (capability transfer), not just consumers of a single device.

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03WHO — Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (Technical Overview, 2013)

HC Dep M

What it is: WHO guidance on HWTS performance levels, program conditions, and limits (including the re-contamination problem).

Why it’s here: A rigor anchor: it prevents “HWTS as magic” by forcing performance, correct use, and program realism.

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04CAWST — HWTS Training Package (Lesson-linked presentations & tools)

HC Dep M

What it is: A structured library of CAWST HWTS lesson assets (presentations, exercises, and job aids tied to the Trainer Manual).

Why it’s here: It’s a ready-made “training stack” for building distributed local instructors (low barrier to start teaching).

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05Comparative paper — HWTS “effectiveness & economics” (biosand, ceramic, SODIS)

HC Dep M

What it is: Comparative technical + cost framing for key HWTS options.

Why it’s here: A decision sanity-check to reduce hype-driven selection and force tradeoff visibility (cost, effectiveness, usability).

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06Practical Action — Rainwater Harvesting (Technical Brief)

HC Dep L–M

What it is: Practical overview of rooftop rainwater harvesting: gutters, first-flush logic, storage, maintenance, and contamination avoidance.

Why it’s here: Rainwater is a decentralization primitive: distributed capture reduces reliance on piped networks and deep groundwater—if storage and hygiene are handled correctly.

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07Practical Action — Rainwater Harvesting for Reconstruction

HC Dep M

What it is: Construction-focused guidance for tanks, cisterns, and rebuilding water capture/storage after disruption.

Why it’s here: A build manual for “rapid durability”: repairs and reconstruction that don’t lock the system into permanent emergency dependence.

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08WHO/WEDC — Technical Notes on WASH in Emergencies (overview)

HCI Dep L

What it is: Four-page illustrated notes covering essential emergency procedures (wells, tank cleaning, water trucking, hygiene promotion, etc.).

Why it’s here: Compact, printable, field-facing procedures: ideal for “field packs” and rapid training refreshers.

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2) Springs, Wells, Handpumps & Gravity Systems

This section moves upstream: protected sources, gravity-fed schemes, and groundwater access. It focuses on designs that remain maintainable under constrained supply chains.

09Meuli & Wehrle — Spring Catchment (Series of Manuals on Drinking Water Supply)

CDep M

What it is: Detailed siting, design, and construction guidance for protected springs and catchments.

Why it’s here: Springs enable gravity-fed resilience: low energy, stable yields (context-dependent), and reduced mechanical failure points.

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10WaterAid — Gravity-Flow Water Systems (Technical Brief)

CDep M

What it is: Stepwise guide for gravity-fed schemes: intakes, pipelines, reservoirs, tapstands, and management issues.

Why it’s here: Gravity systems minimize energy dependence and convert maintenance into inspection + repairs (instead of continuous fuel/power demand).

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11Practical Action — Case: Managing a Large Gravity-Flow Water Supply Scheme (Hitosa)

CDep M

What it is: Field case describing operations and governance realities of a large community gravity-flow scheme.

Why it’s here: Governance and O&M are the silent failure modes; case material shows friction points: tariffs, repairs, legitimacy, conflict.

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12Wikiwater — Water Catchment and Simple Spring Arrangement

CDep L–M

What it is: Minimalist designs for spring capture and basic arrangements, readable without a heavy engineering background.

Why it’s here: “Bottom-of-stack” option: usable when the environment is constrained and sophistication is a liability.

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13Abbott — Hand Dug Well Manual (design, lining, safety)

CDep M

What it is: Detailed manual for constructing and improving hand-dug wells, including structural safety and contamination controls.

Why it’s here: Hand-dug wells remain a primary groundwater access method where rigs and fuel aren’t reliable; safety and lining determine longevity.

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14Sierra Leone — Technical Guidelines for Construction & Maintenance of Hand Dug Wells (2014)

CDep M

What it is: Standards-style guideline with drawings, QA checks, and maintenance procedures.

Why it’s here: A template for writing local “codes” and checklists that survive personnel turnover and reduce build-quality collapse.

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15WaterAid — Hand-Dug Wells (Technical Brief)

CDep L–M

What it is: Concise brief on well excavation methods, lining options, protection, and common failure points.

Why it’s here: Quick reference for planners and field supervisors; reduces predictable mistakes during siting and finishing.

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16US Guide — Wells Construction: Hand Dug and Hand Drilled

CDep M

What it is: Broad guide on groundwater basics, well types, construction issues, and evaluation.

Why it’s here: Technician training primer; strengthens the ability to interrogate contractors and prevent catastrophic design shortcuts.

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17Oxfam — Repairing, Cleaning and Disinfecting Hand Dug Wells (technical brief)

CDep L–M

What it is: Rehabilitation sequence for damaged/contaminated wells (cleaning, disinfection, safety).

Why it’s here: Bridges routine maintenance and emergency recovery; keeps wells from becoming permanent disease amplifiers after flooding or conflict.

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18Practica — Rope Pump Manual (Ethiopia) + Rope Pump Dissemination Handbook

HC Dep M

What it is: A fabrication-and-implementation manual for rope pumps (production, installation, O&M) plus a dissemination handbook focused on rollout and local adoption.

Why it’s here: Rope pumps are among the strongest “workshop-buildable” water lifting options, keeping maintenance and parts inside local economies.

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19Practical Action — How to Make a Rope and Washer Pump

HC Dep L–M

What it is: Step-by-step construction guide for a simple pump suitable for smallholdings and garden use (up to ~30 m lift, context dependent).

Why it’s here: DIY water lifting as a resilience layer; useful when capital is low but fabrication skill is available.

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20Practical Action — Human & Animal Powered Water-Lifting Devices for Irrigation (2008)

HC Dep M

What it is: Survey of treadle, rope, and animal-powered devices; criteria and selection questions included.

Why it’s here: Productive water (irrigation) stabilizes food autonomy; this is the bridge from drinking-water-only thinking to livelihood resilience.

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3) Sanitation, FSM & Natural Treatment

In dense settings, sanitation is a chain: containment → emptying → transport → treatment → safe reuse/disposal. This section is built around system realism (FSM) and low-energy treatment options.

21Eawag/Sandec — Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation (FSM Book)

UC Dep M–H

What it is: Canonical FSM reference: containment realities, service models, treatment trains, and governance constraints.

Why it’s here: It dissolves the “toilet-only” trap and forces full-chain engineering + institutions in one frame.

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22Eawag/Sandec — FSM Highlights & Exercises (fast operational companion)

UC Dep M

What it is: Condensed companion with exercises and updated framing to support training and rapid sector uptake.

Why it’s here: It compresses the FSM book into teachable modules and drills; useful for building local operators and planners.

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23CLUES — Community-Led Urban Environmental Sanitation Planning (Complete Guidelines)

UC Dep M

What it is: Planning framework with steps and tools covering sanitation plus related urban environmental services (solid waste, drainage, etc.).

Why it’s here: Makes the “enabling environment” explicit (legal, institutional, financial) instead of pretending infrastructure exists in a vacuum.

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24WHO — Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater (Vol. 4)

CUB Dep H

What it is: Risk-based framework for safe reuse in agriculture: targets, health protection measures, and management approaches.

Why it’s here: Reuse without risk logic becomes disease infrastructure. This volume turns reuse into an auditable system.

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25Constructed Wetlands — Overview Chapters (EOLSS sample chapter)

CU Dep M

What it is: Technical overview of constructed wetland types (surface/subsurface/vertical flow) and performance considerations.

Why it’s here: Low-energy treatment that degrades gracefully under power scarcity and operator scarcity.

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26Waste Stabilisation Ponds & Constructed Wetlands — Design Manual (Kayombo et al.)

CU Dep M

What it is: Design manual for waste stabilisation ponds and constructed wetlands (design parameters, layouts, performance, and practical sizing).

Why it’s here: Ponds and wetlands are “boring on purpose”: land-heavy, power-light, operator-light—useful when resilience outranks compactness.

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27Small Community Wastewater & Natural Systems — Case/Design Material (ABR, DEWATS, planted beds)

CU Dep M

What it is: A compact set of pragmatic design notes for decentralized wastewater treatment trains (e.g., septic/ABR → filters → wetlands/ponds), plus planted drying beds for sludge.

Why it’s here: Decentralized wastewater (DEWATS) is often the most realistic “middle path” between failing pits and unaffordable sewers.

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28WHO — Arsenic in Drinking-water (Background Document)

CB Dep M–H

What it is: Technical basis for arsenic guideline development: health impacts, sources, and mitigation logic.

Why it’s here: Geogenic contaminants (arsenic/fluoride/nitrate) can turn “improved sources” into long-term harm. This forces correct threat models.

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29Arsenic Mitigation Program Patterns (testing, switching, marking, management)

CDep M

What it is: Practical program patterns used in large arsenic mitigation contexts: population testing, well identification, safe-well switching, and community guidance.

Why it’s here: Contaminant crises are operational problems (data + communication + source switching), not just treatment-technology problems.

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30Best Practice Guide — Control of Arsenic in Drinking Water

CB Dep H

What it is: Broader strategic guide covering monitoring, treatment options, and management approaches for arsenic risk control.

Why it’s here: Enables region-level planning when testing and mitigation must be coordinated across multiple communities.

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4) Hygiene, Behavior & Institutions (Schools, Clinics)

Hygiene is not a messaging layer; it is behavioral infrastructure. Schools and clinics are high-leverage nodes where routines and outbreak defenses become normal.

31WHO — PHAST Step-by-Step Guide (Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation)

CH Dep L–M

What it is: A facilitation toolkit using visual tools and participatory exercises to help communities analyze and change hygiene and sanitation practices.

Why it’s here: It builds local agency and ownership (community planning) rather than top-down “behavior messaging”.

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32Global WASH Cluster — Hygiene Promotion (operational resources)

CI Dep M

What it is: Operational hygiene promotion resources used in humanitarian WASH, with field-tested emphasis on participation and practicality.

Why it’s here: Makes hygiene a measurable, actionable workstream (not a vague add-on).

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33IFRC — WASH Guidelines for Hygiene Promotion in Emergency Operations

CI Dep M

What it is: Detailed guidance with process steps, checklists, training pathways, and practical implementation advice for emergency hygiene promotion.

Why it’s here: A robust field doctrine for rapid hygiene mobilization when outbreaks and displacement amplify risk.

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34UNICEF — Three Star Approach for WASH in Schools (Field Guide)

I Dep M

What it is: Incremental school WASH approach: daily group activities, facility standards, and stepwise improvement from minimal to robust.

Why it’s here: Creates routine and norm transmission; improves sustainability by matching improvements to realistic budgets and capacities.

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35WASH in Health-Care Facilities in Emergencies (Technical Notes)

IDep M

What it is: Technical notes tailored to health-care facilities during emergencies: minimum standards, practical measures, and prioritized actions.

Why it’s here: Clinics can become outbreak multipliers without controlled water, sanitation, waste, and hygiene processes.

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36WHO/WEDC — Technical Notes on Drinking-water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Emergencies (compiled PDF)

HCI Dep L

What it is: One compiled PDF of the technical notes (procedural field guidance across core WASH tasks).

Why it’s here: Print-ready “field doctrine”: transportable, quick to teach, fast to re-check under stress.

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5) Emergencies, Outbreaks & Minimum Standards

This section is for rapid coordination, disease control, and minimum acceptable service levels. It contains both procedural field notes and coordination operating systems.

37Sphere Handbook (2018) — WASH Chapter

CIU Dep M

What it is: Minimum standards and indicators for WASH in humanitarian response (service levels, access, quality, hygiene, sanitation).

Why it’s here: Defines a floor; also functions as shared language when interfacing with large response systems.

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38Global WASH Cluster — Coordination Resources (CTK + handbook)

CIU Dep M

What it is: Coordination Toolkit and related coordination resources used by WASH clusters (roles, IM, assessments, planning).

Why it’s here: Coordination is a power structure; knowing the coordination OS prevents confusion and enables informed interfacing.

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39UNICEF — Cholera Toolkit (2013)

CI Dep M–H

What it is: Integrated outbreak playbook: WASH + health + communications + supply considerations for cholera response.

Why it’s here: Outbreaks compress time; this toolkit consolidates operational doctrine into one artifact.

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40UNICEF — Global Review of WASH Rapid Response Teams in Cholera Outbreak Settings

CI Dep M

What it is: Review of RRT models (country cases), effectiveness signals, and operational lessons.

Why it’s here: RRTs are increasingly common; this document surfaces what collapses under pressure and what scales.

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41Sudan — WASH Sector Emergency Technical Guidelines (2017)

CIU Dep M

What it is: National emergency guideline manual including water quality/disinfection, sanitation, solid waste, vector control, and food safety in emergencies.

Why it’s here: A “template jurisdiction” document: shows how technical norms can be codified into an operational field manual.

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6) Hydrology, Watersheds & Modelling (FOSS Stack)

This layer quantifies water availability, variability, and basin response. The tools here are open, inspectable, and runnable without proprietary GIS where possible.

42QSWAT+ — QGIS Interface for SWAT+ (Watershed Modelling)

B Dep H

What it is: QGIS-based interface and workflow for setting up SWAT+ watershed models (land use, soils, HRUs, scenarios).

Why it’s here: A practical bridge: serious watershed modelling without proprietary GIS lock-in.

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43Raven Hydrological Modelling Framework + RavenR

B Dep H

What it is: Flexible open hydrological modelling framework supporting multiple conceptual structures; RavenR supports workflows and analysis.

Why it’s here: A general-purpose open “hydrology engine” that can be adapted across basin contexts.

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44airGR & airGRteaching (R packages)

B Dep M–H

What it is: Conceptual rainfall-runoff models and a teaching-oriented GUI package to make hydrological reasoning learnable.

Why it’s here: Builds basin literacy in a transparent way; useful as an on-ramp before high-complexity model stacks.

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45Pastas (Python) — Groundwater Time Series Analysis

B Dep H

What it is: Python framework for modeling groundwater levels as responses to recharge, pumping, and boundary conditions.

Why it’s here: Groundwater is often the hidden backbone; Pastas makes over-abstraction and lag effects legible.

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46NeuralHydrology — Deep Learning for Hydrology (open library)

B Dep H

What it is: Open Python library for ML-based hydrology workflows (configuration-driven training and evaluation).

Why it’s here: Where dense datasets exist, ML can add predictive capability; open code keeps the model inspectable and contestable.

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47HESS Article — Teaching Hydrological Modelling with airGRteaching (2023)

B Dep M–H

What it is: Research article describing the teaching rationale and how to use the package to build hydrology intuition.

Why it’s here: A method for training local practitioners—turning “model” into transferable understanding.

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48Arduino — Water Level Detector (DIY monitoring bootstrap)

HCB Dep M

What it is: Open hardware/software example for low-cost water level detection and local logging (basic instrumentation on a budget).

Why it’s here: Instrumentation is often the missing layer; DIY sensing enables local situational awareness without vendor telemetry.

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7) Water Justice, Commons & Digital Water / Surveillance

This is the control layer: privatization dynamics, remunicipalisation strategy, and the digital governance stack (meters, observatories, data extraction, remote shutoff potential).

49Water Alternatives — “The New Water Wars: Struggles for Remunicipalisation” (2019)

UB Dep M

What it is: Analytical overview of remunicipalisation: drivers, conflicts, and the political economy of returning water to public/commons control.

Why it’s here: Provides pattern recognition for how privatization is justified, how it fails, and how reversal campaigns operate.

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50Case Study — Remunicipalisation in Indonesia (Jakarta)

UB Dep M

What it is: Case framing of how privatization hegemony interacts with local political forces and service outcomes.

Why it’s here: Ground truth: sovereignty conflicts occur inside real institutions, not just theory.

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51TNI — Reclaiming Public Water (Remunicipalisation case library)

UB Dep M

What it is: Case-based analysis of public-public and remunicipalisation pathways; governance and strategy patterns.

Why it’s here: A tactical library for reversing concessions and rebuilding non-corporate governance.

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52Containing Smart Water Metering Risks (Water e-Journal, 2021)

UDep M

What it is: Practical risk analysis for smart metering: technical, operational, cyber, and governance exposure.

Why it’s here: Smart meters can become surveillance and shutoff infrastructure; this document helps threat-model adoption claims.

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53MDPI Water — Smart Metering & Water End-Use Data: Conservation Benefits and Privacy Risks (2010)

UDep M

What it is: Early but influential statement of end-use disaggregation benefits alongside privacy risk implications.

Why it’s here: It makes the surveillance surface concrete: what “high frequency” data reveals about household behavior.

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54Systematic Review — Smart Water Metering System Adoption (SWMS)

UDep M

What it is: Literature review of drivers and barriers for smart metering adoption, including utility narratives and governance implications.

Why it’s here: Adoption is rarely neutral; this reveals incentive structures behind deployment and “efficiency” claims.

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55Data Justice Framework — Participatory Urban Water Governance Observatories

UB Dep M–H

What it is: Design principles for water observatories/dashboards using data justice framing (participation, accountability, fairness).

Why it’s here: If a dashboard exists, it should not become a control console; this frames counter-design constraints.

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56Scenario Analysis — AI-Driven Water Management: Ethics and Justice

UB Dep M

What it is: Scenario-style exploration of AI-governed water systems and associated ethical/justice risks.

Why it’s here: Clarifies capture routes: optimization claims can mask rationing, profiling, and automated enforcement.

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57Digital Water Governance — Satellite Leak Detection + Smart Metering (urban resilience framing)

UDep M–H

What it is: Perspective on how “digital water” stacks combine remote sensing and household metering in governance frameworks.

Why it’s here: Shows how resilience narratives become justification scripts for deeper surveillance layers.

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8) Meta-Integration Anchors (System Glue)

These are backbone references that tie the atlas into coherent system management: risk management from catchment-to-consumer, small supply realities, and broad technology coverage.

58WHO — Water Safety Plans: Managing Drinking-Water Quality from Catchment to Consumer

CB Dep M

What it is: The water safety plan approach: system assessment, control measures, monitoring, management, and verification.

Why it’s here: Integrates all technical choices into one auditable process. It is the “risk spine” of safe water.

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59IRC — Small Community Water Supplies: Technology, People and Partnership (2002)

CDep M

What it is: Handbook that blends technical options with people/partnership realities for small water supplies.

Why it’s here: Reconciles engineering with management and social context; useful for designing durable community systems.

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60Practical Action Publishing — Water Supply (book PDF)

CH Dep M

What it is: Book-length survey of water supply technologies and project considerations (sources, lifting, storage, treatment, distribution) with social/gender/project-cycle elements.

Why it’s here: Broad coverage with practical framing; useful as a “generalist backbone” to contextualize narrower manuals.

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